E-PRIMBON

Invitation
Invitation is offer something make a sugestion or invite someone to do something.we can use the following pattern.
Competence of invitation is encompass all the methods extending,accepting,and declining an invitation.

Extending (mengutarakan maksud)
Would you like to….?
How would you like to…?
How about…….?
Do you want to….?
Let’s…..?
Accepting(menerima ajakan)
• Thank you.i’d love to…
• I would love to….
• That sounds….
• That would be…..
• All right……
Declining (menolak) :
I’d love to but I can’t….
I’d love to but I won’t be able to…
I can’t for now because I’m busy….
Sorry,I can’t.I must go to school,now….

Making an invitation
Example :
Would you like to go see movies”ketika cinta bertasbih”tonight.
I’d like you to invite you to come to my news house.

Example invitation dialogue :
Fikry :hi,Aril.how’re you today?
Aril :hello,Fikri.I’m very well.
Fikry :do you have a plan today?
Aril :yes,I have some.
Fikry :if you are free today.I invite you to come to my home
Aril :sorry,I can’t for now because I’m busy.
Fikry :okay,no problem,maybe next time.




Appointment
Appointment is kind of expression with is used to conduct appointment.
There are four kind of appointment expression:

1. Making appointment
I’d like you to come and see me.
I’d like to make an appointment
Can I come and see you?
What about…..?
I ‘ll be there
2. Accepting an appointment
All right, see you there.
Be there on time
No,problem.I ‘m free on…..
3. Canceling an appointment
I ‘m sorry.I ‘m very busy.
I ‘m terribly sorry I have
Put off my appointment.
4. Changing an appointment
Is that o.k.if we meet at 9 tomorrow morning?
What about….(Thursday)?

Happiness expressions
Happiness expressions is an expressions that is used to show that someone or people are glad have excited feelings.

I ‘m happy…..
I ‘m (very)pleased
Great !
I ‘m so glad to hear that
Terrific !
Fantastic !

Example :
Mother : Syari,why don’t you eat now?
I ‘ve cooked your favourite
Food,chicken curry.
Syari : oh,have you ?
Great,mom,thank you.
I haven’t eaten it for a long time.

Gaining attention
Gaining attention is matter to follow attention everyone to respon or listen what that we’ll.

A. showing attention
How,beautiful !
Wow ….really?that’s increadible.
That’s the matter !
Look at you !

B. gaining attention
look here.
Attention please!
Excuse me?
I ‘m sorry,but….
Listen to me,please….
Waiter…..

Example :
Mother : attention,please.today we will go to tangkiling hill.
What do you think ?
Children : that ‘s great !!


Expressions sympathy

Expressions sympathy is someone expressions which feel the pity to one who experience of accident.he or she is only saying sympathy words,but not really follow to feel what felt by one who hit that accident.

Sympathy expressions used for bad news.
Oh,I’m sorry to hear that.
Poor you.
Oh,that’s too bad.
What a pity….
Oh,dear!
How terrible!
I know what you feel.
Oh,what a same!
You must be very upset
Oh,how awful!

Example :
Saskia :Rio,what happened?
Rio : I ‘ve just lost my walled.you know,
There’s some money to pay my school free in it.
Saskia : I ‘ m really sorry to hear that.you’d better tell
Your parents .I’m sure they will understand.
Rio : I hope they are not mad at me.



Giving instruction
Giving instruction is an expression that is used in order that other person does what we instruct or request.

The different between requests and instructions.
Instruction (also called imperatives)
Instructions require the person receiving them to do something,or to stop doing it.instructions are directly addressed to the person who has to do them.therefore,instructions are one of the few types of english sentences that do not need a subject.the subject is usually “you”(understood).if there is any doubt who should do the instruction,the “naming”form-the vocative is used.
Requests
Request are often questions,though inderect requests may not be.sometimes an instructions is changed into a request by the addition of “please”or question tag.to make a request more polite we might use the subjunctive form of the verb.very often english requests are indirect.instead of asking someone to do something,the speaker asks if the person is able to do it.therefore modals of ability (“can”,”may” etc) are very often used.

In giving instruction,we can we :
A ).verb + object
e.g-watch out
-come here
B ). Please,verb(object)or verb(+ object),please
e.g-get out,please!
-please,open the door!
C).would you please to+verb+object
e.g-would you please to come to my house?
-would you please to change your mind?
D). would you miad+verb-ing+object
e.g-would you mind leaving me?
-would you mind bringing your dictionary?

*when we prohibit someone to do something,we use :*
a).do not + verb +object
e.g-don’t touch me!
b).please,don’t + verb +object
e.g-please,don’t go!
c).would you please not to +verb+object
e.g-would you please not to kiss her?
d).would you mind not+verb-ing+object
e.g-would you mind not yawhing?

*example expressions of giving instruction :*
Open your book.
Close your book.
Don’t open the window.
Be quiet,will you?
Open the window!
Move the chair!
Listen to me
Stand up please!
Looks it.
Damn it.
Be quiet,please!
Etc.

Example dialogue :
Lina : Mala….come here,please.
Mala : yeah….what’s up?
Lina : open the window,please!



Announcement
Announcement is something said,written,or printed to make known what has happened or (more often) what will happen.in writing an announcement,keep the following points :the title/type of event,date or time,place,and contact person.

Characteristics of announcement :
1. giving information to the public
2. using clear instructions.
3. generally in short form.

The purpose of announcement is :
Given information for many people in the place or environment.


Example:





Announcement
Committee
School trip to golden sands
Beach
On 28 th of august,there will be a school trip.to golden sands beach
Departure time : 07:30 A.m.
Programs : swimming,volley
Ball,games,and
Lunch in the sea
View restaurant.
Free : Rp.75.000
Contact person : vina,cindy
Chair person

Andi setiawan
Recount Text

Recount text is a text that is used to retell events for the purpose of informing or entertaining.
Characteristic :
1).sosial function : to retell past events for the purpose
Of informing or entertaining
(melaporkan peristiwa,kejadian masa lampau
Dengan tujuan memberitakan atau menghibur)
2).schematic structure :
Orientation / pengenalan.
Events /rekaman peristiwa.
Reorientation /pengenalan ulang..
3) linguistic features :focus on individual participants,use of past
Tense ,focus on temporal sequence of events,
And use of material (or action)clauses.



I was waiting for the doctor to finish his examination.I was worried and nervous.would he have to operate? Would a blood transfusion be necessary?what would he have to say?
Dr.john was a heart specialist .he was an excellent doctor and his examinations were always complete.he listened to the patient’s hear,took his blood pressure and temperature,gave him an X-ray and examined his eyes and ears.
The doctor finally completed his examination and spoke to me.he told me that heart trouble is never a minor illness,but this wasn’t a serious heart attack.he advised losing some weight.getting a plenty of sleep and eating good meals.smoking and drinking would be harmful,of course.Dr.jhon sais it would bw necessary to be careful for a while,but he was confident that there was nothing to worry about.
I felt much better after I spoke to Dr.jhon.I was certain that my uncle would be up and around again very soon.he’s seventy years old now,but he can still alive for along time if he takes good care of himself.


Narrative text

Narrative text,text which contains about story (fiction/non fiction/tales/folctales/fables/myth/epic)and in it’s plot consist of climax of the story(complication)then followed by the resolution
Generic Structure :
1. Orientation : introduce main characters in a setting of place and time.
2. Complication : tells the problems of the story and how the main characters
Solve them.
3.Resolution : a solution to the problem.
4.Re-Orientation : conclusions of story.it is optional.
5.Evaluation : a stepping back to evaluate the plight (the information of
About narrator’s point of view).it is optional.moral value.

Example:
The story of Snow White,Cinderella,Rapunzel,etc.
Example of narrative text :







The Lamb And The Wolf
One day the wolf was slaking his thirst at a stream when he chanced to see a lamb,also drinking,at some distance down the stream.
Outraged,he growled,”you are muddying my drinking water,now I shall eat you”.the lamb protested.”but,sir,how I can be muddying your drinking water?I am farther down stream than you are.the water is flowing from your part of the stream to where I am.”
“upstream or down stream,your drinking is muddying my water,and I shall eat you.”so saying,the wolf leaped upon the lamb and devoured him.

Procedure text
Procedure text is to give someone instruction about some thing is achieved through a sequence of steps.

Structure of the text :
Goal : the final purpose of doing the instructions
Materials : ingredients,utensils,equipment,to do
The instructions,
Steps : a set of instructions to achieve the final
Purpose.
Language features :
Use of simple present often imperative sentences
Use of temporal conjuction
Action verbs
Example :
1. How To Make Milkavo Juice
2. Materials :
 Avocado
 1.sachet of chocolate milk.
 A glass of water.
 3 tablespoons of sugar.
3. Tools :knife,spoon,blender,glass,drinking straw
4. Steps : first,cut the avocado into halves take out seed.
Second,pick the avocado flesh with spoon.put it
Into the blender,then pour the sugar and the water
Too.
Third,blend it well for two minutes
Fourth,pour the juice into the glass and give some
Chocolate milk on it.
Now the’milkavo’is ready for you.



Past Tense
Simple past tense is a kind of tense which is used to describe an event or action that happened already in a certain time in the past.
1. ) The pattern :
(+) subject + V2 + complement
(-) subject + did not + Verb 2 + complement
(?) did + subject + V1

2. ) The examples :
(+) I went to Tangkiling hill yesterday
(-) I did not went to Tangkiling hill yesterday
(?) did I go to Tangkiling hill yesterday?
3.) Adverbs used : yesterday,last night,last week two days ago,a few minutes ago,last weekend,….etc

Present tense
Present tense digunakan untuk menyatakan kebenaran umum (general statement of the fact)kebiasaan sehari-hari (habitual activities)

Formula of present tense
(+) he,she,it +V1 +s/es
(-) he,she,it, + does + not +V1
(?) does + he,she,it + V1 ?

Example : (+) he work in the office everyday
(-) does not work in the office everyday
(?) does he work in the office everyday

(+) I,you,we,they + V1
(-) I,you,we,they + do + not
(?) do + I,you,we,they + V1

Example : (+) I study everyday
(-) I don’t study everyday
(?) do I study everyday

Greeting
Greeting is an expressions with aim to ask news or says thank you and thing that is firstly is done when will talk.

Standard competency :
To comprehend and express the meanings within transactional and interpersonal conversation about greetings in the context of daily life.

Basic competency :
To respond and express the meanings within the formal/informal transactional and interpersonal conversation accurately and fluently that contains the introduction expressions(greeting),invitation,and appointment.

Greeting card is a piece paper (usually is decorated with picture)and applied to give congratulations or prays for someone and etc.
Example :
• Utterance card condoles (kartu ucapan turut berduka cita)
• Felicitation card (kartu ucapan selamat)
• Utterance card quickly recovers (kartu ucapan semoga cepat sembuh)
• Christmas card
*Formal greeting*
 Good morning
 Good afternoon
 Good evening
 Good night
*informal greeting*
 Hello……..!
 Hi………!
 Morning……..!
*initial greeting*
 How are going?
 How are you?
 How is life?
*responding*
 I’m good
 Fine,thanks
 Very well,thank you
 Oh,pretty good.
*how do you greet other people*?
 Good morning/afternoon/evening
 Hi,cindy !
 How are you getting along ?
 How’re you?
 How’s everything with you?
 Hello,vina
 How are you doing?
*introduce yourself*
 Hi,my name is wenny puspita,but you can call me is wenny.
 Let me introduce my self,my name is wenny.
*introduce other people*
 I would like to introduce Viska
 Excuse me,let me introduce you my new friend,his name is Ricky permana
 I would like you to meet Rina
*close or end conversation*
 I’m sorry,but I have to go now.bye-bye
 Well,I should be going now.see you!
 It’s been nice talking with you.see you later
*leave talking*
 See you later
 See you tonight
 Good night
 See you soon
 Good bye
 Bye-bye;by now;take care

AUTOBIOGRAPHY

“ABOUT ME”
My name is SYARIFAH ,but myfriend usually call me syari.I
Was born on Danau Panggang,26 December 1995.My favorite food is rice,fried chicken (apa saja yang penting halal,hehe….).I live on Kalimantan street number 47.My education in kinder garden AL IMAN P.Raya,SMP1P.Raya and now SMA 2 P.Raya.My parent job is trader.I have one sister and brother in law.My hobby are watching television,reading,eat and sleeping.


Analyze characters setting,etc.

Analyze characters is to seek about know something characters.

Vocabs: Shape, Part of body

Simple Straingth Sided Shapes





Rectangle Square Triangle


Simple Rounded Shapes




Circle Oval

Types of Triagles







Enguilateral triangle Isosceles triangle Right angled triangle


3D Shape






Cylinder Cube













Restangular Prism Sphere



Mathematical Shapes



Parallelogram Pentagon 5 Hexagon 6 Octagon 8










PERFECT TENSE

Present perfect tense (PPT) is used for describing a past action’s effect on the present : he has arrived.now he is here.this holds true for events that have just been secluded as well as for events that have not yet occurred.
Present perfect is formed by combining have/has with the main verbs past participle form :
 I have arrived
a.negation is produced by inserting not after have/has
 I have not arrived
Questions in present perfect are formulated by starting a sentence with have/has :
 Has she arrived ?

Past perfect tense
Past perfect tense is a kind of tense that is used to described an action or an event that started in certain time in the past and completed of finished till certain in the past too : or past perfect tense is used to express an action or an event that had happened before the other event or action happened.

The pattern :
(+) subject + had + verb 3 + complement
(-) subject + had not + verb 3 + complement
(?) had + subject + verb 3 + complement
Example :
(+) we had eaten before they came
(-) we had not eaten before they came
(?) had we eaten before we came?

SPEAKING : SPEECH
We use indirech speech when we report what people said.in indirech speech,the tense ussually goes”one step”.look at the table bellow.

Direct speech Indirect speech
Simple present tense
“I always go to school” Simple past tense“she said that she always went to school”
Present continous”I’m
Doing my homework” Past continous”she said that she was doing her homework”
Simple past/present perfect
“I did n’t do my test well”
“I have sent an email” Past perfect”she sait that she hat not done her test well”
“she said that she had sent an email”
Modals
“I’ll see you at the party”
“you must be carefull” Modals
“she said that she would see me at the party”
She said that I had to be carefull.


ADVERTISEMENT

Advertisement an information for persuading and motivating people so that they will attract to the service and the things that are offered or informed

*function of advertisement*
 Promotion
 Communication
 Information
In making advertisement,keep the following points :
1.language of advertisement :
 Using the correct or suitable words
 Using the interesting and suggestive expressions
 Text of advertisement should be directed to the goals
2.content of advertisement :
 Objective and honest
 Brief and clear
 Not allude group or other producer

*kinds of advertisement*
1.invitation advertisement
2.Requested advertisement
3.family advertisement
4.sponsored advertisement
5.news advertisement
6.announcement advertisement
7.married advertisement
8.good advertisement

*media of advertisement*
 Billboard
 Radio
 Television
 Pamflet
 Etc